血脂異常是指膽固醇、三酸甘油脂、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇和高密度脂蛋白膽固醇的水平失衡。3 嚴重的血脂異常可導致包括缺血性心臟病和中風等心腦血管疾病。4
血脂異常在本港十分普遍,2014–2015 年度人口健康調查的結果顯示,近半數 15–84 歲人士患有高膽固醇血症。4 維持健康的生活模式是治療血脂異常的第一步。3,4
我們關注的心血管疾病包括
血脂異常
高血壓
高血壓是指當血壓持續處於高水平(上壓/下壓高或等於 140/90 mmHg)的一種嚴重慢性疾病。5–7 高血壓病人因初期通常沒有明顯病徵,又常被稱為「隱形殺手」,但恆常量度血壓可有助發現並盡早治療高血壓,避免引發如心臟衰竭、中風、腎衰竭,甚至死亡等嚴重併發症。5–7
心臟衰竭
心臟衰竭是指當心肌變得虛弱或僵硬時,心臟不能正常地將血液泵至全身的情況,可能因心臟受損或感染、心臟病發作、肺部血栓或其他心臟疾病(如冠心病、高血壓、心肌病變或心律不正等)導致。8,9
心臟衰竭在普遍情況下並無法根治,治療通常旨在控制症狀和減慢病情的進展。8,9
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參考資料PM-COR-22-112809
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). World Health Organization. 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news- room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds). Accessed on February 9, 2023.
- Centre for Health Protection. 心血管疾病概覽. 非傳染病直擊. 2018. Available at: https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/ncd_watch_sep_2018_chin.pdf. Accessed on February 13, 2023.
- Pappan N, Rehman A. Dyslipidemia. StatPearls [Internet]. 2021. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560891/. Accessed February 13, 2023.
- Department of Health. 血脂失調. 非傳染病直擊. 2019. Available at: https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/ncd_watch_august_2019_chin.pdf. Accessed on February 13, 2023.
- Hypertension. World Health Organization. 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact- sheets/detail/hypertension. Accessed on February 13, 2023.
- Hospital Authority. 高血壓. Smart Patient. 2021. Available at: https://www21.ha.org.hk/smartpatient/SPW/zh-hk/Disease-Information/Disease/?guid=d41c67f5-f6f6-4d12-a1e4-b659ef2fbe43. Accessed on February 13, 2023.
- 高血壓. 衛生署衛生防護中心. 2022. Available at: https://www.chp.gov.hk/tc/healthtopics/content/25/35390.html. Accessed on February 13, 2023.
- Heart failure. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Available at: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health- topics/heart-failure. Accessed on February 13, 2023.
- Overview: Heart failure. National Health Service. 2018. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart- failure/. Accessed on February 13, 2023.